Fractional thermolysis is a method of laser "reappearance" of the face and body, which helps to cope with age-related and stressful skin problems.
This procedure is almost as effective as surgical retainers and, after thermolysis, skin cells begin to actively produce, as in youth, collagen and elastin, i. e. beneficial changes occur in several layers at once, and not just on the outer epidermis. .
The procedure is very effective, but at the same time traumatic. Can only be performed in specialized clinics.
What is it - fractional photothermolysis, what is the essence of the method and effectiveness, indications and contraindications for procedures on the face and body using fraxel technology, before and after photos, consequences and reviews regarding the laser procedure, estimated prices and what equipmentare used - all of these we will try to show you more.
general information
Thermolysis refers to the process of structural destruction of tissues under the influence of high temperatures. The concept was created and mediated by doctors, and then introduced into use by cosmetologists.
And photothermolysis is also the process of thermolysis, but it is caused by exposure to light energy. In cosmetology, it is used during laser hair removal and "reappearance" of wounds and scars.
Fractional photothermolysis is a technique in which photothermolysis does not affect the entire surface of the skin, but only its individual areas. This means that we can talk about focal destruction of tissues by heating them with the help of laser energy (light).
The essence of the procedure and other names
The fractional photothermolysis procedure is classified as a way of negative skin stimulation, as during the session a kind of injury is applied, in this case burning.
To achieve the expected cosmetic result, you need to start the regeneration process, which restores the skin after damage.
A thermal burn of this type looks like a "column", which is formed in the thickness of the dermis under the target action of laser beams. This "column" in cosmetology is called the "microscopic treatment area", or abbreviated - MLZ.
In diameter, they can not reach more than one tenth of a millimeter: from about 0, 1 to 0, 4 mm, with a penetration depth of up to 0, 5 mm. Depending on the type of procedure chosen, from ten to several thousand such microtraumas can be localized in one square centimeter of the surface, while the impact rate is 3000 MLZ / sec.
If we analyze the mechanism of action of fractional photothermolysis, then it is similar to mesoscopy therapy, but when using a roller, the microdermabrasions are applied mechanically using needles.
In cosmetology practice, the concept of fractional thermolysis has several commonly used synonyms:
- optical skin thermolysis;
- DOT therapy;
- fractional laser "polishing";
- LAFT renewal;
- fractional laser nanoperforation;
Ablative and non-ablative methods
Laser ablation is the evaporation of a substance using a laser pulse. When using ablative fractional photothermolysis, then choose a type of laser radiation whose energy is mainly absorbed by water molecules.
During a short-term impact on a localized area, the laser beam almost immediately heats the water contained in the tissue, up to 300C. Because of this, the whole "column" evaporates, and in its place a microscopic wound of an open type is formed, which is surrounded by layers of thermally coagulated cells.
After ablative photothermolysis, recovery will be much slower and longer than with a non-ablative method.
But the results of the procedure will be objectively better, and the uplifting effect will be clearer. It is best to use a course of 2 to 6 sessions. But during such procedures, the patient is exposed to a certain risk of tissue infection in the deeper layers of the skin.
Non-ablative fractional thermolysis can be attributed to milder microtrauma techniques. A laser beam is used, which practically does not damage the epidermis, burns are formed under it.
The destroyed tissue does not evaporate, but remains inside the "column", of course, there are no open wounds. Lifting is not as noticeable as with the first ablative method, as the cell breakdown products are not removed at the time of the procedure, which means that there is no "tightening" effect on the skin.
It is recommended to use courses from 3 to 10 sessions. For the patient, there is virtually no risk of infection of the deep layer of the skin, as there is no violation of the integrity of the surface.
Indications, effect
Indications for scheduling a procedure using Fraxel technology may be the following reasons:
- the need to stimulate withered and aged skin;
- treatment of pigmented / depigmented lesions;
- removal of scars, after acne and small scars;
- the need to remove stretch marks.
Not suitable for getting rid of keloid formations.
strengths
How does this method differ from the classic laser "polishing"? With the traditional approach the burn affects a large area and with partial exposure has localized and point character.
Between the burned lesions there are spaces with intact skin, and this makes photothermolysis less traumatic and speeds up the healing time.
The method is suitable for treating any part of the body, but in most cases is used specifically for the face. When using Fraxel technology, the beautician can also work with the skin of the eyelids.
A feature of this optical dermal thermolysis is the innovative design of the DOT device itself, which makes it possible to avoid missing skin areas or overlap one area with another.
Mechanism of action
At the preliminary consultation, the cosmetologist determines the goals that the client wants to achieve, discovers the possible contraindications to the procedure, talks about the possible results and their compliance with the client's expectations.
The doctor will surely determine a point about the risks and development of complications after the procedure, as well as the way of skin care after a course of photothermolysis.
It is necessary to discuss in advance and choose the appropriate method of pain relief, and the client should report with certainty allergic reactions to medication, if any.
A few hours before the session a superficial peeling is performed, the purpose of which is to equalize the thickness of the stratum corneum of the skin.
During surgery, the patient may experience moderate pain and discomfort. Their severity can in no way depend on the model of apparatus used. The level of pain is based on the depth and intensity of the laser beam and these parameters are determined by the specialist himself, focusing on therapeutic goals.
The more the problem is neglected, the deeper the layers have to be touched.
But usually as an anesthetic are used ordinary creams with anesthetic effect, which are applied to the work areas a maximum of 40 minutes before the start of the session.
During the session, the cosmetologist moves a nose over the surface, which emits a targeted laser beam. If such a need arises, then the same area is repeatedly treated within the same procedure.
Duration is from 15 minutes to 1 hour. It all depends on the amount of skin being treated. Upon completion of fractional photothermolysis, a cream with a soothing effect is applied to the "smooth" surface.
To achieve the desired result, it is necessary to perform a course with several procedures - from 3 to 10, depending on the type of exposure chosen. You can do a session once a month.
Recommendations (training and rehabilitation)
A few days before the planned procedure, the patient should start taking a prophylactic course of antibiotics and antiviral agents. Of course, if there is objective evidence for this.
On the day of fractional photothermolysis, the person should avoid alcohol and completely abstain from any sport.
After the non-ablative photothermolysis procedure, the recovery process takes up to three days, after the type of ablation - at least a week.
If the "polishing" was based on ablation, then for a few more days the patient will have red skin, swelling, burning sensation and discomfort.
After consulting a specialist, you can apply cooling compresses or apply to local analgesic skin, available in the form of a spray.
After at least three days have passed, the color of the "smooth" dermis may change slightly. For example, it can become pseudo-tanned, due to the increased decomposition of pigment-containing debris from previously necrotic cells.
Dryness will appear, peeling will start and a person may even experience some itching for a short time. All these manifestations are not dangerous and will pass by themselves in about a week. Itching of itchy skin is strictly forbidden!
In order for rehab after fraxel to go without complications, you need to follow some basic recommendations:
- you need to take care of the skin and make sure to apply the recommended external products. In most cases, these are medications that are prescribed to treat thermal burns and moisturizing sprays;
- the crust that forms on the surface during wound healing should not be removed artificially, just fall naturally;
- if before the procedure the patient has received antimicrobial and antiviral drugs, then their course should be continued according to the instructions;
- in order not to develop hyperpigmentation, it is necessary to isolate the treated skin from direct sunlight for at least a month. Usually use sunscreen with SPF 40+;
- throughout the recovery period, the use of cleansers and other mechanical methods of skin cleansing is prohibited.
Side effects and possible complications
Despite the fact that fractional photothermolysis is one of the most modern and safest methods, it also has a number of side effects:
- bacterial infection, development of streptoderm or staphyloderma;
- erythema lasting more than three days;
- edema on the surface of the treated skin with a duration of more than two days;
- hyperpigmentation in the post-inflammatory period;
- appearance of burnt bubbles, erosive cracks;
- worsening of HSV1 or acne;
- microscopic hemorrhage under the skin.
Contraindications (general and local)
Fractional photothermolysis is not performed with the following general contraindications:
- oncological tumors;
- breastfeeding period;
- HSV1 and HSV2 in the acute phase;
- infectious diseases;
- chronic diseases in the manifestation phase;
- diabetes mellitus of any kind;
- defects and insufficiency of the cardiovascular system;
- disturbances in the work of the organs of the hematopoietic system, poor blood coagulation;
- the presence of autoimmune diseases;
- tendency to form deep keloid-type lesions;
- status epilepticus or convulsive syndrome;
- psychic deviations;
- taking isotretinoin for six months;
- a recent tan or a visit to the solarium.
And the following local contraindications:
- all inflammatory processes localized in the target work area;
- impaired skin integrity;
- any neoplasm of unknown origin;
- dry skin cleansing or any other procedure that may damage the skin.
Where and in what equipment it is performed, approximate prices
The cost of a fractional procedure depends on the area treated, so the estimated prices for fractional laser recurrence vary.
Only qualified specialists can perform photothermolysis sessions in a cosmetology hospital.
For the fraxel renewal procedure itself, CO2 or erbium laser devices are used. Ordinary beauty salons for the most part do not have the necessary equipment or trained staff.
The use of laser for cosmetic purposes is still controversial. But either way, procedures based on the action of a laser beam are among the most popular, effective and safe.
evaluations
We invite you to read some comments about fractional laser facial skin rejuvenation:
- First review: "I am 35 years old. Went for 2 sessions of fractional photothermolysis. The second visit took place 30 days after the first visit. As a result, I noticed that my pores, usually slightly enlarged, tightened and the skin on my foreheadand the cheeks started to look much smoother. I was satisfied. The only thing that bothered me was the peeling that appeared after the second visit. But it disappeared without a trace after three days. Now I look in the mirror and enjoy my face. "
- Second review: "I want to tell you about my impression of this method, as I felt a positive result. After three procedures, I noticed that my face shone, the pigment spots on some parts of the face became brighter, the scars began to stand out morea little and the skin tightened. These changes did not happen immediately but gradually. After about 4 months, I started to look 5-6 years younger than my age. I advise all those who take care of themselves to try this wonderful thing.
- Third review: "I was very scared of these types of procedures, believing that there are more side effects than pluses. However, when the first wrinkles appeared, the idea of 'magical skin transformation' started to visit my head all the time. and more often. So I decided to do a photothermolysis session. During the process, there were a little painful but tolerable sensations. After a while, the joyful changes in the face became apparent: the wrinkles around the eyes softened, the complexion became moreeasy, the contour was tightened. In general, I liked the effect. I will use this procedure again if necessary.
- Fourth review: "I consider this method necessary for any woman who wants to stay young and attractive. I discovered something new for myself and I was extremely pleased. There are many positive moments and they are all reflected in my face: fine wrinkles and pigmentation are gone, the skin is not so pale, there is less inflammation and most importantly, I like myself a lot. I want to advise everyone to love themselves, not to spare in their beautyand use effective procedures to preserve your youth.